Last data update: Apr 29, 2024. (Total: 46658 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Nguyen LT[original query] |
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Increase in human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis prevalence and incidence among men who have sex with men, Vietnam 2015 - 2020
Thanh Nguyen HT , Nguyen LT , Thanh Hoang HT , Bui DH , Thu Phan HT , Van Khuu N , Hong Ngo HT , Dang DA , Mirzazadeh A , McFarland W , Pham TH . Int J STD AIDS 2024 35 (3) 197-205 INTRODUCTION: We assessed trends in HIV and syphilis prevalence, HIV incidence, related risk factors, and preventive behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vietnam from 2015 to 2020. METHODS: Data originated from the HIV Sentinel Surveillance Plus system, which sampled MSM at venues and hotspots in seven of Vietnam's 63 provinces in 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2020 (N = 1100-1445 per year; ∼150-300 per province per year). RESULTS: HIV prevalence estimates increased from 6.6% (95% CI 4.5-9.6) in 2015 to 13.8% (95% CI 10.5-18.2, p = .001 for trend) in 2020 overall, and separately in An Giang, Can Tho, Hai Phong, and Khanh Hoa provinces but not in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, or Kien Giang. Syphilis prevalence increased from 2.7% (95% CI 1.4-5.1) in 2015 to 12.6% (95% CI 8.7-18.0) in 2020 overall (p < .001 for trend), and separately in An Giang, Can Tho, and Hai Phong provinces but not in Ho Chi Minh City or Kien Giang. We calculated time-at-risk from first anal sex to first HIV-positive or last HIV-negative test to estimate HIV incidence. Estimated HIV incidence suggested increasing rates of seroconversion from 1.36 per 100 person-years experienced by participants in 2015 to 2.61 per 100 person-years among participants in 2020 (hazard ratio per year 1.13, 95% CI 1.08-1.18, p < .001). There was a statistically significant increase in HIV testing, STI testing, and receipt of free condoms over the period (p < .05 for trend), and a statistically significant decrease in amphetamine use (p = .043 for trend). CONCLUSIONS: Despite prevention efforts and improvements in some risk indicators, consecutive cross-sectional sampling results provide evidence of increasing incidence of HIV and syphilis among MSM in Vietnam, especially outside the major cities. Aggressive HIV prevention and treatment services can be expanded while conducting deeper investigations into the causes of these increases. |
Population Size Estimation of Female Sex Workers in Hai Phong, Vietnam: Use of Three Source Capture-Recapture Method.
Nguyen LT , Patel S , Nguyen NT , Gia HH , Raymond HF , Hoang VTH , Abdul-Quader AS . J Epidemiol Glob Health 2021 11 (2) 194-199 INTRODUCTION: A study was conducted in three districts in Hai Phong province, Vietnam to estimate the population size of the Female Sex Workers (FSW) in June-July 2019. METHODS: The procedures included selection of three districts, compilation of a list of accessible venues where FSW congregate, distribution of first unique objects (first capture) and second unique objects (second capture) to FSW in randomly selected venues and implementation of a Mini-Respondent Driven Sampling (mRDS) Survey (third capture). Population size of the FSW was calculated based on the number of FSW in each round, number of FSW 'recaptured' during the second and the third captures. Additionally, personal network size data captured in the mRDS was used to measure the population of FSW within the three districts using Successive Sampling Population Size Estimates (SS-PSE). RESULTS: The total estimated FSWs in the three selected districts, using Three Source Capture-Recapture (3S-CRC) was 958, which is slightly lower than that estimated using SS-PSE - 1192. The 3S-CRC method yielded a provincial estimate of 1911 while the SS-PSE method resulted in a total of 2379 FSW for the province. CONCLUSION: Two techniques produced different PSE at both the district and the province levels and resulted in estimates lower than ones produced using programmatic data. For planning HIV prevention and care service needs among all FSWs, additional studies are needed to estimate the number of sex workers who are not venue-based and use social media platforms to sell services. |
Couples HIV testing and immediate antiretroviral therapy for serodiscordant HIV-positive partners: Translating evidence into programme in Vietnam
Bui DD , Do NT , Pham LT , Nadol P , Nguyen VT , Dao VQ , Nguyen LH , Duong TK , Lai AK , Hoang CX , Nguyen AH , Suthar A , Tong AL , Do HM , Mesquita F , Lo YR , Lyss S , Nguyen LT , Kato M . Int J STD AIDS 2019 30 (8) 956462418825405 Injection drug use and heterosexual transmission from male key populations to their female partners have been the dominant modes of HIV transmission in Vietnam. A demonstration project was conducted to offer immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) (regardless of CD4 cell count) to HIV-seropositive partners in serodiscordant couples. During March-December 2013, couples HIV testing and counselling (HTC) and immediate ART were offered in two drug use-affected provinces. Of 256 couples receiving couples HTC, 146 (57%) were serodiscordant; 134 (92%) seropositive partners initiated ART irrespective of CD4 cell count. Of these, 86% were male; 57% reported ever using illicit drugs; median CD4 cell count before ART initiation was 374 cells/mm(3). Consistent condom use was reported by 58, 70 and 71% among HIV-positive partners at months 0, 3 and 12. At 12 months after ART initiation, 119 (89%) HIV-positive partners were retained in care; 96 (95% of those tested) achieved viral suppression (<1000 copies/ml). Uptake of immediate ART and viral suppression among those initiating ART were high, paving the way for ART regardless of CD4 cell count as national policy in Vietnam. |
Expanding severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance beyond influenza: The process and data from 1 year of implementation in Vietnam
Alroy KA , Do TT , Tran PD , Dang TQ , Vu LN , Le NTH , Dang AD , Ngu ND , Ngo TH , Hoang PMV , Phan LT , Nguyen TV , Nguyen LT , Nguyen TV , Vien MQ , Le HX , Dao AT , Nguyen TB , Pham DT , Nguyen VTT , Pham TN , Phan BH , Whitaker B , Do TTT , Dao PA , Balajee SA , Mounts AW . Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2018 12 (5) 632-642 BACKGROUND: In 2016, as a component of the Global Health Security Agenda, the Vietnam Ministry of Health expanded its existing influenza sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) to include testing for 7 additional viral respiratory pathogens. This article describes the steps taken to implement expanded SARI surveillance in Vietnam and reports data from 1 year of expanded surveillance. METHOD: The process of expanding the suite of pathogens for routine testing by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) included laboratory trainings, procurement/distribution of reagents, and strengthening and aligning SARI surveillance epidemiology practices at sentinel sites and regional institutes (RI). RESULTS: Surveillance data showed that of 4,003 specimens tested by the RI laboratories, 20.2% (n = 810) were positive for influenza virus. Of the 3,193 influenza-negative specimens, 41.8% (n = 1,337) were positive for at least 1 non-influenza respiratory virus, of which 16.2% (n = 518), 13.4% (n = 428), and 9.6% (n = 308) tested positive for respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The Government of Vietnam has demonstrated that expanding respiratory viral surveillance by strengthening and building upon an influenza platform is feasible, efficient, and practical. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
Implementation and evaluation of an isoniazid preventive therapy pilot program among HIV-infected patients in Vietnam, 2008-2010
Trinh TT , Han DT , Bloss E , Le TH , Vu TT , Mai AH , Nguyen NV , Nguyen LT , Dinh SN , Whitehead S . Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2015 109 (10) 653-9 BACKGROUND: WHO recommends screening for TB and evaluation for isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) based on evidence that they reduce TB-related morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected persons. In Vietnam, an IPT pilot was implemented in two provinces; TB screening, treatment and outcomes were evaluated to inform the adoption and scale-up of IPT. METHODS: During April 2008 to March 2010, eligible HIV-infected persons aged >15 years, with no previous or current TB treatment, alcohol abuse or liver disease were screened for TB. If TB disease was ruled out based on symptoms, chest x-rays and sputum smears, isoniazid was administered for 9 months. RESULTS: Among 1281 HIV-infected persons who received initial eligibility screening, 520 were referred to and evaluated at district TB clinics for TB disease or IPT eligibility. Active TB was diagnosed in 17 patients and all were started on treatment. Of 520 patients evaluated, 416 (80.0%) initiated IPT: 382 (91.8%) completed IPT, 17 (4.1%) stopped treatment, 8 (1.9%) died, 3 (0.7%) developed TB during IPT and 6 (1.4%) had unknown outcomes. No severe adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS: IPT treatment completion was high; no serious complications occurred. Improving and expanding intensified case-finding and IPT should be considered in Vietnam. |
Pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance to first-line drugs: results from a baseline assessment of a large cohort initiating ART in Vietnam, 2009-10
Pham QD , Do NT , Le YN , Nguyen TV , Nguyen DB , Huynh TK , Bui DD , Khuu NV , Nguyen PD , Luong AQ , Bui HT , Nguyen HH , McConnell M , Nguyen LT , Zhang L , Truong LX . J Antimicrob Chemother 2014 70 (3) 941-7 OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) to first-line antiretroviral drugs among people initiating therapy for HIV in Vietnam. METHODS: Blood was collected during November 2009 to October 2010 from people consecutively initiating ART in four purposively selected public outpatient clinics in three Vietnamese cities. At each study site, recruitment lasted for 6-10 months until the target sample size (range 120-130 individuals) had been reached. The viral load was measured in 501 samples; 490 samples (viral load ≥1000 copies/mL) were genotyped using a nucleotide population-based sequencing assay. Self-reported demographic and clinical data were elicited through interviews. We classified drug-resistance-associated mutations (DRMs) according to the 2009 WHO surveillance list. RESULTS: DRMs were identified in 17/490 participants (3.5%; 95% CI 2.2%-5.5%). The prevalence of DRMs was 1.6% (8/490) against NRTIs, 1.6% (8/490) against NNRTIs and 0.8% (4/490) against PIs; three (0.6%) participants were resistant to both NRTIs and NNRTIs. The overall prevalence of PDR to first-line drugs was low [2.7% (13/490); 95% CI 1.6%-4.4%]. The prevalence of PDR to first-line drugs was greater among 198 HIV-infected participants who injected drugs than among 286 participants who reported risks for sexually acquired HIV (4.0% versus 1.4%, P = 0.079). Multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested that PDR to first-line drugs was significantly higher among people who injected drugs (OR = 3.94; 95% CI 1.13-13.68). CONCLUSIONS: With low PDR, first-line ART may be effective in Vietnam and pretreatment genotyping may be unnecessary. Continuing strategies for the prevention and surveillance of antiretroviral resistance are important for maintaining a low prevalence of antiretroviral resistance in Vietnam. The association between resistance and injection drug use warrants further research. |
Outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam: results from a national evaluation
Nguyen DB , Do NT , Shiraishi RW , Le YN , Tran QH , Huu Nguyen H , Medland N , Nguyen LT , Struminger BB . PLoS One 2013 8 (2) e55750 OBJECTIVES: Vietnam has significantly scaled up its national antiretroviral therapy (ART) program since 2005. With the aim of improving Vietnam's national ART program, we conducted an outcome evaluation of the first five years of the program in this concentrated HIV epidemic where the majority of persons enrolled in HIV care and treatment services are people who inject drugs (PWID). The results of this evaluation may have relevance for other national ART programs with significant PWID populations. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis of patients at 30 clinics randomly selected with probability proportional to size among 120 clinics with at least 50 patients on ART. METHODS: Charts of patients whose ART initiation was at least 6 months prior to the study date were abstracted. Depending on clinic size, either all charts or a random sample of 300 charts were selected. Analyses were limited to treatment-naive patients. Multiple imputations were used for missing data. RESULTS: Of 7,587 patient charts sampled, 6,875 were those of treatment-naive patients (74.4% male, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 72.4-76.5, median age 30, interquartile range [IQR]: 26-34, 62.0% reported a history of intravenous drug use, CI: 58.6-65.3). Median baseline CD4 cell count was 78 cells/mm (IQR: 30-162) and 30.4% (CI: 25.8-35.1) of patients were at WHO stage IV. The majority of patients started d4T/3TC/NVP (74.3%) or d4T/3TC/EFV (18.6%). Retention rates after 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 88.4% (CI: 86.8-89.9), 84.0% (CI: 81.8-86.0), 78.8% (CI: 75.7-81.6), and 74.6% (CI: 69.6-79.0). Median CD4 cell count gains after 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 94 (IQR: 45-153), 142 (IQR: 78-217), 213 (IQR: 120-329), and 254 (IQR: 135-391) cells/mm. Patients who were PWID showed significantly poorer retention. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed good retention and immunological response to ART among a predominantly PWID group of patients despite advanced HIV infections at baseline. |
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